Abstract: The Liaojiawan section is an important control section of the middle reaches of the Fuhe River in Jiangxi province. In recent years, it has been significantly affected by human activities and has undergone drastic changes in erosion and sedimentation. Studying its characteristics and driving factors is of great significance for the safety of water projects and the prevention and control of flood disasters. This article analyzes the large cross-section data and hydrological data from 1956 to 2022 of the Liaojiawan section, and uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze and determine the characteristics and driving factors of erosion and sedimentation changes in the reach. The results show that: ① the erosion and sedimentation of the Liaojiawan section have obvious temporal characteristics, with the overall stability of the river channel from 1965 to 2004, rapid erosion or sedimentation from 2005 to 2018, and the river channel tending to stabilize from 2019 to 2022; ② Human activities such as sand mining in river channels and the impact of upstream and downstream water projects are the main driving factors for river erosion and sedimentation, while the impact of runoff changes is relatively small.